Autoimmune diseases

These can be broadly divided into connective tissue diseases (CTD) or childhood vasculitis. The common CTDs are – SLE (Lupus), Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM), Scleroderma, Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) or Overlap syndromes and Sarcoidosis. Vasculitis on the other hand can be broadly divided into small, medium and large vessel and the common ones include Kawasaki disease, IgA vasculitis (HSP), Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), Takayasu arteritis or ANCA associated vasculitis. Other causes are inflammatory bowel disease associated arthritis and inflammation in the eye (Uveitis)

Common symptoms are frequent mouth or genital ulcers, excessive hairfall, rashes on the face and body, fingers or toes turning blue in cold, muscle weakness, joint swellings, tight shiny areas of skin, abdominal pains, blood in stools or red eyes.